近日，華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)團(tuán)隊(duì)結(jié)合meta大數(shù)據(jù)分析和田間控制試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證的方法，對(duì)氮肥施用量和施用時(shí)期對(duì)稻米產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響進(jìn)行了綜合分析，指出適當(dāng)減少氮肥施用總量和減少氮肥穗粒肥施用量，能明顯改善稻米食味品質(zhì)并且不會(huì)影響產(chǎn)量。同時(shí)該研究對(duì)不同施肥條件下水稻氮素吸收、分配與稻米蛋白含量的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了分析，提出提高氮肥農(nóng)學(xué)利用率（ANUE）是獲得水稻豐產(chǎn)和優(yōu)質(zhì)平衡的關(guān)鍵，為農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)型條件下水稻豐產(chǎn)美食味栽培的氮肥優(yōu)化管理措施提供理論指導(dǎo)與技術(shù)支撐。該研究以“Balance rice yield and eating quality by changing the traditional nitrogen management for sustainable production in China”為題發(fā)表于Journal of Cleaner Production雜志 。
我校植物科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院2020級(jí)碩士研究生程博為該論文第一作者，江洋副教授、曹湊貴教授為論文的共同通訊作者。該研究得到了國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃和國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金等項(xiàng)目的資助。
文獻(xiàn)檢索過(guò)程及數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)所包含實(shí)驗(yàn)點(diǎn)的地理位置
氮肥施用量、氮肥農(nóng)學(xué)利用效率、氮肥偏生產(chǎn)效率與水稻產(chǎn)量、蛋白質(zhì)含量、直鏈淀粉含量的效應(yīng)值相關(guān)性分析結(jié)果
【英文摘要】
Total yield of rice in China has been greatly improved in recent decades. However, this yield improvement is excessively dependent on the input of nitrogen （N） fertilizer. In recent years, since the demand for rice quantity has basically been met, consumers pay more attention to rice quality, especially the eating quality. Increasing N application improves the yield of rice, but it changes the protein and amylose content in rice, generally reducing the eating quality. It is necessary to establish a more reasonable N management to balance yield and eating quality for rice sustainable development in China. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of various N managements on rice yield and eating quality by meta-analysis. Under traditional N management, increasing the amount of total N and late-stage N applications weaken the yield increase and decrease the eating quality with the significant increase in protein and amylose content in rice. By reducing total N and late-stage N application input, eating quality and N use efficiency could be significantly improved. Further, conditional inference tree analysis indicated that adjusting the amount of late-stage N application was a major measure to improve traditional N fertilization, since it could increase agronomic N use efficiency in rice production and balance yield maintenance and eating quality improvement. Our supplementary experiment results further confirmed that adjusting N management could improve the rice yield and eating quality with less N input. Thus, we propose the following adjusting N management strategies for rice sustainable production in China: （1） Decreasing the traditional high N rate is absolutely necessary, although it will slightly decrease rice yield, but significantly improve rice eating quality and N use efficiency; （2） Reducing the amount of late-stage N application appropriately could improve the rice eating quality; （3） Improving agronomic N use efficiency is the key to balance rice yield and eating quality. Our results provide an important reference for the future N management in rice production for the purpose of achieving high yield and better eating quality.
論文鏈接：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127793
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