食品伙伴網(wǎng)報(bào)道，由美國一家媒體《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》所報(bào)道的一則關(guān)于“克隆牛奶和牛肉流可能被納入英國的飲食供應(yīng)”的新聞，無疑是在英國的后院放了一把火，這在英國國內(nèi)引起了軒然大波。據(jù)來自美國食品新聞網(wǎng)8月4日的消息，最近出版的《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》對(duì)此進(jìn)行的報(bào)道，其聚焦在克隆牲畜在歐洲的出現(xiàn)，并提到之前歐洲針對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因農(nóng)作物的強(qiáng)硬的禁令，以及因?yàn)榇私疃鸬呐c主要農(nóng)業(yè)出口國，如美國、巴西、阿根廷等之間的貿(mào)易糾紛。正如對(duì)待轉(zhuǎn)基因作物，傳統(tǒng)的歐洲消費(fèi)者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因動(dòng)物也普遍比較抵觸。據(jù)食品安全新聞報(bào)道，早在今年初夏，一份歐盟法規(guī)文件就被放到了各成員國政府的桌子上等待其簽字，如果該法案通過，則歐盟法律會(huì)禁止所有由克隆動(dòng)物及其后代所產(chǎn)出的奶制品和肉類。
《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的記者在英國采訪了當(dāng)?shù)氐囊晃晦r(nóng)場主，文章里說：“另一個(gè)英國奶農(nóng)稱，他的農(nóng)場每天所生產(chǎn)的牛奶中的一部分是來自一個(gè)克隆繁殖系的，并且他還向加拿大的飼養(yǎng)者銷售這種克隆牛的胚胎。這位奶農(nóng)堅(jiān)持不肯透露姓名，他說，英國公眾對(duì)克隆很反感，如果他被曝光，就會(huì)沒人買他的牛奶。
《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》這篇爆炸新聞?dòng)?月29日發(fā)表，發(fā)表后引起了英國全國恐慌，并波及歐洲乃至全世界，文中所引用的匿名農(nóng)民的話，也如星星之火，正在燎原，目前被英國各大媒體，以及英國廣播公司BBC、美國廣播公司ABC、加拿大新聞媒體和澳大利亞食品紛紛轉(zhuǎn)載。
而英國食品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局的官網(wǎng)上于本周發(fā)布了2份新聞聲明，聲稱：該機(jī)構(gòu)正在盡其一切力量，以找到有爭議的乳牛。該局的對(duì)廣泛的范圍進(jìn)行了調(diào)查，尤其是農(nóng)場主組織、乳品行業(yè)、地方當(dāng)局以及養(yǎng)殖協(xié)會(huì)等。該局在其出版的第二份新聞聲明中透露2頭產(chǎn)自美國克隆母牛的公牛已被宰殺，其中一頭的肉去年已進(jìn)入市場，上周被宰殺的那頭目前已被銷毀。此外英國食品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局還透露，調(diào)查者還發(fā)現(xiàn)了一頭乳牛，是由來自克隆繁殖系的精子所繁殖，但是無法確認(rèn)她的牛奶是否流入市場。
食品安全新聞網(wǎng)還稱，雖然世界上第一只克隆動(dòng)物“多利”誕生于英國，但目前英國卻一直向胚胎出口國，如美國等，購買此類商品。
BBC報(bào)道，只有8只胚胎被運(yùn)到英國，每個(gè)胚胎可能要花費(fèi)高達(dá)$15943。而來自這些胚胎以及其后代的奶和肉類已流入市場。而英國并未建立一套合適的機(jī)制，以記錄這些進(jìn)口胚胎及其后臺(tái)的流向。
雖然英國食品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局的聲明中寫到目前沒有確鑿的證據(jù)證明這些來自克隆動(dòng)物的食品有危險(xiǎn)，但是在歐洲普遍的共識(shí)是克隆動(dòng)物是不道德的。荷蘭環(huán)保部長卡迪卡對(duì)《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》記者說，歐盟議會(huì)的大多數(shù)人都明確反對(duì)違反倫理的來自克隆動(dòng)物的工業(yè)化肉類生產(chǎn)，克隆動(dòng)物遭受極高發(fā)生率的疾病、畸形以及過早死亡。
英國食品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局在其最近的新聞聲明中結(jié)尾處說：“該局想提醒食品行業(yè)的經(jīng)營者，他們有責(zé)任確保他們所生產(chǎn)的食品是符合法律規(guī)定的，若要銷售來自克隆動(dòng)物及其后代的食品，須遞交申請(qǐng)，并獲得歐盟范圍內(nèi)的認(rèn)可，而在獲得許可之前，任何此類食品不得進(jìn)入市場。
本報(bào)道由食品伙伴網(wǎng)編譯整理，僅供食品行業(yè)相關(guān)人士參考，詳細(xì)內(nèi)容以國外原文報(bào)道為準(zhǔn)。
原文地址：http://www.foodsafetynews.com/2010/08/anonymous-farmer-sparks-clone-debate-in-britain/
英國食品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局相關(guān)新聞聲明：
http://www.food.gov.uk/news/newsarchive/2010/aug/cloned
http://www.food.gov.uk/news/newsarchive/2010/aug/clonedinvest2
http://www.food.gov.uk/news/newsarchive/2010/aug/updateclonedanimals
食品伙伴網(wǎng)對(duì)第三份最新聲明的報(bào)道：
http://www.foodmate.net/news/daodu/2010/08/166561.html
原文報(bào)道：
Anonymous Farmer Sparks Clone Debate In Britain
by Laurel Curran | Aug 04, 2010
The possibility of cloned milk and beef products being integrated into the British food supply has been met with an uproar from consumers, the media, and federal agencies.
The article sparking this most recent controversy was published in the New York Times. It focused on the emergence of cloned livestock in Europe, comparing this to the staunch laws prohibiting genetically modified (GM) crops that have sparked trade disputes with strong agricultural exporting nations such as the United States, Brazil, and Argentina. As with GM crops, European consumers traditionally have shown a general lack of support for cloned animals. Food Safety News reported earlier this summer on a piece of European Union legislation now on the desks of member state governors, awaiting final signatures. If passed, the law ban all meat and dairy products deriving from cloned animals and their offspring.
The farmer interviewed by the New York Times lives and farms in Britain. The article reads: "Another British dairy farmer said he was using milk from a cow bred from a clone as part of his daily production. He also said he was selling embryos from the same cow to breeders in Canada. The farmer insisted on anonymity, saying that the British public regarded cloning as so distasteful that buyers would stop taking his milk."
After this article was published on July 29, fear spread throughout Britain, rippling beyond into Europe and around the world. Articles referencing the anonymous farmer have been published in all major British newspapers, as well as on BBC and ABC, and in The Canadian Press and Australian Food.
The British Food Standards Agency has released two press statements this week, claiming that the agency is doing all in its power to find the controversial dairy cow. "The Agency's investigation has been wide-reaching and has involved, among others, farming organizations, the dairy industry, local authorities, and breed associations," the agency said.
In the interest of transparency, the agency revealed in its second news release that during the process of the dairy cow investigation it discovered two bulls born in the UK to females impregnated with cloned sperm from the United States. Both bulls have been slaughtered. The meat from the first bull named Dundee Paratrooper entered the food supply over a year ago and has since been consumed. The second bull was slaughtered last week and disposed of. This revelation expanded the international debate from milk products to beef.
The Food Standards Agency also revealed that investigators had found a single dairy cow that was bred with cloned sperm, but cannot confirm if her milk has entered the food supply. "As part of this investigation local authority officials are visiting the farm on which this herd is kept," the agency said.
Though "Dolly," the world's first cloned animal, was born in Scotland, the only way for a cloned animal to currently live in Great Britain is through the purchase of embryos from countries exporting such items like the United States.
The BBC reported that only eight embryos have been imported into the UK. Each embryo can cost up to $15,943. The offspring from these embryos are the only cloned cows and bulls whose meat and dairy products could be on the market. The Daily Mail reports that these cows have gone on to produce a further 97 offspring. Britain does not have a system in place to keep track of imported embryos or their offspring.
In one of the reports issued by the Food Standards Agency the authors admit that there has been no conclusive evidence showing cloned animal products are in any way dangerous to human health. However, the general consensus in Europe is that animal cloning may be morally wrong.
Dutch MEP Kartika Liotard explained to the New York Times, "A clear majority in the European Parliament supports ethical objections to the industrial production of cloned meat for food. Cloned animals suffer disproportionately highly from illnesses, malformations, and premature death."
Though there is currently no research implying that cloned animal products can be harmful to human health, current law prohibits such products from being sold. These laws support the many consumer, agricultural, and animal rights groups calling for an outright ban on cloned products due to ethical beliefs.
The FSA ended its most recent news release by saying, "The Agency would like to remind food business operators of their responsibility to ensure food they produce is compliant with the law. In order to produce food products from clones or their offspring, a novel food application must be submitted and authorization granted at a European level before any such food is placed on the market."
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