近日,華中農業(yè)大學陳軒教授食物經濟與管理團隊發(fā)表了其在水產養(yǎng)殖戶參與非農就業(yè)的決策機理方面的研究成果,揭示了水產養(yǎng)殖戶選擇參與非農就業(yè)的決策機理。
近年來,全球水產品市場發(fā)展非常快,但水產養(yǎng)殖業(yè)仍然面臨著諸多風險,例如氣候、環(huán)境和市場波動等。因此,相當數(shù)量的水產養(yǎng)殖戶積極尋求其他相對穩(wěn)定的收入來源,例如額外參與一些非農產業(yè)的工作。該團隊以新英格蘭地區(qū)的生蠔養(yǎng)殖戶為例,調查了該目標樣本的非農就業(yè)選擇,評估了影響此類選擇的決定性因素。
研究中,科研人員在計量方法上使用了一系列零膨脹計數(shù)模型,在經濟模型構建上額外引入勞動需求側變量,仔細評估了專業(yè)社交網絡的作用。研究結果發(fā)現(xiàn)農業(yè)勞動市場供給側與需求側的一系列因素,包括年齡、養(yǎng)殖經驗、教育、性別、人口密度、降水甚至水溫都會影響生蠔養(yǎng)殖戶的額外非農就業(yè)選擇。一個特別有趣的結果是,與現(xiàn)有文獻相反,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了更緊密的職業(yè)社交網絡會降低非農就業(yè)的傾向,這反映出水產養(yǎng)殖行業(yè)與傳統(tǒng)陸地農業(yè)相比,有著其獨特性。
這個研究展示了如何在水產養(yǎng)殖這一快速增長的重要行業(yè)中運用數(shù)量經濟方法研究農戶非農就業(yè)的決策機制,填補了非農就業(yè)研究在水產經濟文獻中的理論空白,可以深入理解水產養(yǎng)殖戶參與非農就業(yè)的動機和決策機制,為水產養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的健康發(fā)展提供決策參考。
【英文摘要】
Global aquaculture markets have experienced a great deal of recent success. However, growers are still highly susceptible to risks caused by seasonality, interannual variability in earnings, and environmental factors. As a result, we see growers turning to alternative sources of income, and participating in off‐farm labor. We utilize a series of zero‐inflated count models to examine the relationship between an aquaculture grower's off‐farm labor decision and relevant explanatory variables including demand‐side potency, which is often omitted in the literature. We also look to identify and analyze the importance of professional social networks among growers as a stabilizing mechanism and a way to mitigate risk to growers. This study expands upon an economic model that has traditionally been used for analyzing off‐farm labor choices within an agricultural context and applies it to an increasingly important industry, aquaculture.
論文鏈接:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cjag.12264