近日,資源與環(huán)境學院姜存?zhèn)}教授課題組連同園藝林學學院劉繼紅教授在Journal of Hazardous Materials雜志發(fā)表題為“Boron contributes to excessive aluminum tolerance in trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.) by inhibiting cell wall deposition and promoting vacuole compartmentation”的研究論文,相關(guān)研究為揭示硼對南方酸性紅壤中柑橘砧木(枳)鋁毒害的緩解機制提供了新見解。
柑橘是世界第一大類水果,我國的柑橘產(chǎn)量和種植面積居世界首位,其主要種植于長江中下游和長江以南的酸性土壤地區(qū)。其中,鋁(Al)毒是酸性土壤中限制柑橘生長的主要脅迫因子之一。硼(B)是植物正常生長發(fā)育所必需的微量元素。研究表明,硼和鋁之間具有一定的相互作用,且多項研究表明硼對植株鋁毒害具有一定的緩解作用,但是更深入的緩解機制還有待探索。
枳(Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.)作為柑橘的近源屬植物,是柑橘栽培中的主要砧木。因此,本研究以枳為研究對象,利用水培體系,首先分析硼添加對根系有機酸分泌種類及根際pH變化分析,結(jié)果表明,鋁主要誘導枳根系分泌蘋果酸以響應鋁毒;鋁脅迫下,施硼可促進根系蘋果酸的分泌(螯合根際鋁)及堿化根際pH(改變根際鋁形態(tài)),共同降低根系對鋁的吸收,進而減弱鋁對植株的毒害作用。另外,對細胞壁果膠組分含量及特性變化分析發(fā)現(xiàn),硼通過抑制低甲基酯果膠合成(較低的JM5熒光強度)、降低果膠甲酯酶活性以降低細胞壁中鋁的結(jié)合位點,從而減少細胞壁中鋁的積累。不同亞細胞組分中鋁含量及分配表明,硼可促進液泡中鋁的分配,且調(diào)控細胞質(zhì)Al3+轉(zhuǎn)運至液泡的PtALS1和PtALS3基因在加硼之后表現(xiàn)出較高的表達量。因此,結(jié)果得出鋁脅迫下加硼抑制根尖對鋁的吸收,降低細胞壁中鋁的積累,且進一步促進液泡對進入細胞質(zhì)中的鋁區(qū)隔存貯,最終減輕鋁對植株的毒害作用。本項目研究結(jié)果將為酸性土壤施用硼肥提高鋁毒抗性、豐富柑橘逆境脅迫的調(diào)控提供理論基礎和實踐參考。
博士研究生閆磊為本文的第一作者,我校園藝植物生物學教育部重點實驗室、園藝林學學院劉繼紅教授和資源與環(huán)境學院姜存?zhèn)}教授為本文共同通訊作者。浙江大學劉于老師以及我校博士研究生李雙、程錦也參與了該項研究。該研究得到了國家自然科學基金和中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務費專項基金資助。
【英文摘要】
Boron (B) is an indispensable micronutrient for plant growth that can also alleviate aluminum (Al) toxicity. However, limited data are available on the underlying mechanisms behind this phenomenon. Here, we found that a certain range of B application could alleviate the inhibitory effects of Al toxicity on citrus. Transcriptome analysis revealed that several Al stress-responsive genes and pathways were differentially affected and enriched, such as coding for the secretion of organic acid and the distribution of Al in subcellular components after B addition. Specifically, B application enhanced rhizosphere pH and induced malate exudation by expressing PtALMT4 and PtALMT9 genes occurred in Al-treated root, which ultimately reduced the absorption of Al and coincided with down-regulated the expression of PtNrat1. Moreover, B supply suppressed the pectin methyl-esterase (PME) activity and displayed a lower level of PtPME2 expression, while enhanced the PtSTAR1 expression, which is responsible for reducing cell wall (CW) Al deposition. Boron addition enhanced the PtALS1 and PtALS3 expression, accompanied by a higher proportion of vacuolar Al compartmentation during Al exposure. Collectively, the protective effects of B on root injury induced by Al is mainly by subsiding the Al uptake in the root apoplast and compartmentalizing Al into vacuole.
原文鏈接:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129275